%0 Journal Article %T Defense, Innovation, Technology Transfers and Public Policy in France %+ Département Sciences Humaines et Sociales ENSTA Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne_SHS) %+ Institut pour le management de la recherche et de l'innovation (IMRI, Université Paris Dauphine) %A Bellais, Renaud %A Guichard, Renelle %< avec comité de lecture %@ 1024-2694 %J Defence and Peace Economics %I Taylor & Francis (Routledge) %V 17 %N 3 %P 273-286 %8 2006 %D 2006 %K Defense technology %K Dual use %K Technology transfer %K Intellectual property rights %K Collaboration %K Transaction costs %Z Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceJournal articles %X The role of defense in national innovation systems is highly topical, because of the complexity of defense systems and the desire to get value‐for‐money from R&D investment, especially through the commercialization of defense‐funded technology. In practice, external transfer has proved to be a difficult, labor‐intensive process, which requires a strong commitment from both parties. Here, intellectual property rights (IPR) appear as a strong incentive for collaboration. Analyzing the lack of IPR culture in defense industries elucidates the difficulties and failures in spin‐off attempts. We finally propose strategies leading to a market for defense‐born technology. %G English %L hal-01160780 %U https://hal-ensta-bretagne.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01160780 %~ SHS %~ ENSTA-BRETAGNE %~ UNIV-DAUPHINE %~ AO-ECONOMIE %~ ENSTA-BRETAGNE-SHS %~ PSL %~ UNIV-DAUPHINE-PSL